Charalabos Pothoulakis

Title(s)Professor, Medicine
SchoolMedicine
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    Collapse Research 
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    Decoding Antibiotic-induced Susceptibility to Clostridium difficile Infection
    NIH U01AI124290Aug 20, 2016 - Jul 31, 2021
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    Characterization and Targeting of MiR-24 Network in Colitis
    NIH R01DK110003Aug 1, 2016 - Jul 31, 2021
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Role of Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Intestinal Inflammation
    NIH R01DK101671Aug 1, 2015 - Jul 31, 2019
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Chronic stress mediates fat-related changes in insulin signaling and gut motility
    NIH RC1DK086150Sep 30, 2009 - Aug 31, 2011
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    Toll-like receptors and intestinal inflammation
    NIH R01DK072417Jul 1, 2006 - Apr 30, 2012
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Mechanisms of Neurotensin in Intestinal Inflammation
    NIH R01DK060729Dec 1, 2001 - Aug 31, 2019
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Role of Substance P in Intestinal Inflammation
    NIH R01DK047343Sep 15, 1994 - Jul 31, 2016
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Barrier Function of the GI Tract in Health and Disease
    NIH P01DK033506Apr 1, 1984 - Aug 31, 2018
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse selected publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. ADS024, a Bacillus velezensis strain, protects human colonic epithelial cells against C. difficile toxin-mediated apoptosis. Front Microbiol. 2022; 13:1072534. Xie Y, Chupina Estrada A, Nelson B, Feng H, Pothoulakis C, Chesnel L, Koon HW. PMID: 36704560; PMCID: PMC9873417.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4  
    2. Distinct Patterns of Gene Expression Changes in the Colon and Striatum of Young Mice Overexpressing Alpha-Synuclein Support Parkinson's Disease as a Multi-System Process. J Parkinsons Dis. 2023; 13(7):1127-1147. Videlock EJ, Hatami A, Zhu C, Kawaguchi R, Chen H, Khan T, Yehya AHS, Stiles L, Joshi S, Hoffman JM, Law KM, Rankin CR, Chang L, Maidment NT, John V, Geschwind DH, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 37638450; PMCID: PMC10657720.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    3. Correction: Loss of miR-24-3p promotes epithelial cell apoptosis and impairs the recovery from intestinal inflammation. Cell Death Dis. 2022 Feb 10; 13(2):135. Soroosh A, Fang K, Hoffman JM, Law IKM, Videlock E, Lokhandwala ZA, Zhao JJ, Hamidi S, Padua DM, Frey MR, Pothoulakis C, Rankin CR. PMID: 35145056; PMCID: PMC8831529.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    
    4. Mice expressing fluorescent PAR2 reveal that endocytosis mediates colonic inflammation and pain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 02 08; 119(6). Latorre R, Hegron A, Peach CJ, Teng S, Tonello R, Retamal JS, Klein-Cloud R, Bok D, Jensen DD, Gottesman-Katz L, Rientjes J, Veldhuis NA, Poole DP, Schmidt BL, Pothoulakis CH, Rankin C, Xie Y, Koon HW, Bunnett NW. PMID: 35110404; PMCID: PMC8833192.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    5. Loss of miR-24-3p promotes epithelial cell apoptosis and impairs the recovery from intestinal inflammation. Cell Death Dis. 2021 12 18; 13(1):8. Soroosh A, Fang K, Hoffman JM, Law IKM, Videlock E, Lokhandwala ZA, Zhao JJ, Hamidi S, Padua DM, Frey MR, Pothoulakis C, Rankin CR. PMID: 34923573; PMCID: PMC8684555.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    6. The Colonic Mucosal MicroRNAs, MicroRNA-219a-5p, and MicroRNA-338-3p Are Downregulated in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Are Associated With Barrier Function and MAPK Signaling. Gastroenterology. 2021 06; 160(7):2409-2422.e19. Mahurkar-Joshi S, Rankin CR, Videlock EJ, Soroosh A, Verma A, Khandadash A, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA, Chang L. PMID: 33617890; PMCID: PMC8169529.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    7. Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Alters the Tumor Development and Growth in Apcmin/+ Mice and in a Chemically-Induced Model of Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 21; 22(3). Lee Y, Ma EL, Patel M, Kim G, Howe C, Pothoulakis C, Kim YS, Im E, Rhee SH. PMID: 33494263; PMCID: PMC7864487.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    8. Posttranslational modifications as therapeutic targets for intestinal disorders. Pharmacol Res. 2021 03; 165:105412. Choo J, Heo G, Pothoulakis C, Im E. PMID: 33412276.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    9. Blockage of protease-activated receptor 2 exacerbates inflammation in high-fat environment partly through autophagy inhibition. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2021 01 01; 320(1):G30-G42. Her JY, Lee Y, Kim SJ, Heo G, Choo J, Kim Y, Howe C, Rhee SH, Yu HS, Chung HY, Pothoulakis C, Im E. PMID: 33146548.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    
    10. Role and mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs in IBD pathophysiology. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2020 12 01; 319(6):G646-G654. Wani S, Man Law IK, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 33026230; PMCID: PMC7792667.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    11. Autotaxin loss accelerates intestinal inflammation by suppressing TLR4-mediated immune responses. EMBO Rep. 2020 10 05; 21(10):e49332. Kim SJ, Howe C, Mitchell J, Choo J, Powers A, Oikonomopoulos A, Pothoulakis C, Hommes DW, Im E, Rhee SH. PMID: 32875703; PMCID: PMC7534615.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    12. Therapeutic Mechanism of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1 α Neutralizing Antibody (CCL3) in Clostridium difficile Infection in Mice. J Infect Dis. 2020 04 27; 221(10):1623-1635. Wang J, Ortiz C, Fontenot L, Mukhopadhyay R, Xie Y, Chen X, Feng H, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW. PMID: 31793629; PMCID: PMC7184920.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    13. Here to Heal: Mucosal CD74 Signaling in Colitis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020; 10(1):197-198. Hoffman JM, Rankin CR, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 32220559; PMCID: PMC7296222.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    14. Chronic Stress, Inflammation, and Colon Cancer: A CRH System-Driven Molecular Crosstalk. J Clin Med. 2019 Oct 12; 8(10). Baritaki S, de Bree E, Chatzaki E, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 31614860; PMCID: PMC6833069.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20  
    15. MiR-21 in Substance P-induced exosomes promotes cell proliferation and migration in human colonic epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2019 12 01; 317(6):G802-G810. Bakirtzi K, Man Law IK, Fang K, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 31545921; PMCID: PMC6957364.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    16. The IBD-associated long noncoding RNA IFNG-AS1 regulates the balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine production after T-cell stimulation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2020 01 01; 318(1):G34-G40. Rankin CR, Shao L, Elliott J, Rowe L, Patel A, Videlock E, Benhammou JN, Sauk JS, Ather N, Corson M, Alipour O, Gulati A, Pothoulakis C, Padua DM. PMID: 31545920; PMCID: PMC6985849.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    17. miR-24 Is Elevated in Ulcerative Colitis Patients and Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function. Am J Pathol. 2019 09; 189(9):1763-1774. Soroosh A, Rankin CR, Polytarchou C, Lokhandwala ZA, Patel A, Chang L, Pothoulakis C, Iliopoulos D, Padua DM. PMID: 31220450; PMCID: PMC6723227.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 22     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    18. Linear and circular CDKN2B-AS1 expression is associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and participates in intestinal barrier formation. Life Sci. 2019 Aug 15; 231:116571. Rankin CR, Lokhandwala ZA, Huang R, Pekow J, Pothoulakis C, Padua D. PMID: 31207308; PMCID: PMC6897550.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 30     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    19. Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR. J Vis Exp. 2019 03 01; (145). Rankin CR, Treger J, Faure-Kumar E, Benhammou J, Anisman-Posner D, Bollinger AE, Pothoulakis C, Padua DM. PMID: 30882798; PMCID: PMC7092718.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    20. Clostridium difficile toxins induce VEGF-A and vascular permeability to promote disease pathogenesis. Nat Microbiol. 2019 02; 4(2):269-279. Huang J, Kelly CP, Bakirtzi K, Villafuerte Gálvez JA, Lyras D, Mileto SJ, Larcombe S, Xu H, Yang X, Shields KS, Zhu W, Zhang Y, Goldsmith JD, Patel IJ, Hansen J, Huang M, Yla-Herttuala S, Moss AC, Paredes-Sabja D, Pothoulakis C, Shah YM, Wang J, Chen X. PMID: 30510170; PMCID: PMC6559218.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 34     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    21. Colonic Inhibition of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Increases Colitogenic Bacteria, Causing Development of Colitis in Il10-/- Mice. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2018 07 12; 24(8):1718-1732. Mitchell J, Kim SJ, Koukos G, Seelmann A, Veit B, Shepard B, Blumer-Schuette S, Winter HS, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Im E, Rhee SH. PMID: 29788382; PMCID: PMC6231371.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    22. Identification of novel mRNAs and lncRNAs associated with mouse experimental colitis and human inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2018 11 01; 315(5):G722-G733. Rankin CR, Theodorou E, Man Law IK, Rowe L, Kokkotou E, Pekow J, Wang J, Martín MG, Pothoulakis C, Padua D. PMID: 29953254; PMCID: PMC6293253.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    23. Sigmoid colon mucosal gene expression supports alterations of neuronal signaling in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2018 07 01; 315(1):G140-G157. Videlock EJ, Mahurkar-Joshi S, Hoffman JM, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA, Chang L. PMID: 29565640; PMCID: PMC6109711.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    24. Mesenteric Adipose-derived Stromal Cells From Crohn's Disease Patients Induce Protective Effects in Colonic Epithelial Cells and Mice With Colitis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018; 6(1):1-16. Hoffman JM, Sideri A, Ruiz JJ, Stavrakis D, Shih DQ, Turner JR, Pothoulakis C, Karagiannides I. PMID: 29928668; PMCID: PMC6008259.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    
    25. Fidaxomicin and OP-1118 Inhibit Clostridium difficile Toxin A- and B-Mediated Inflammatory Responses via Inhibition of NF-κB Activity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018 01; 62(1). Koon HW, Wang J, Mussatto CC, Ortiz C, Lee EC, Tran DH, Chen X, Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 29038278; PMCID: PMC5740352.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    26. MicroRNA-31-3p Is Involved in Substance P (SP)-Associated Inflammation in Human Colonic Epithelial Cells and Experimental Colitis. Am J Pathol. 2018 03; 188(3):586-599. Fang K, Law IKM, Padua D, Sideri A, Huang V, Kevil CG, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 29253460; PMCID: PMC5840489.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    27. Functional role and therapeutic targeting of microRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2018 02 01; 314(2):G256-G262. Soroosh A, Koutsioumpa M, Pothoulakis C, Iliopoulos D. PMID: 29146677; PMCID: PMC5866423.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 31     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    28. CRHR2/Ucn2 signaling is a novel regulator of miR-7/YY1/Fas circuitry contributing to reversal of colorectal cancer cell resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Int J Cancer. 2018 01 15; 142(2):334-346. Pothoulakis C, Torre-Rojas M, Duran-Padilla MA, Gevorkian J, Zoras O, Chrysos E, Chalkiadakis G, Baritaki S. PMID: 28929494; PMCID: PMC5918308.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    29. Analysis of endogenous lipids during intestinal wound healing. PLoS One. 2017; 12(8):e0183028. Lee Y, Choo J, Kim SJ, Heo G, Pothoulakis C, Kim YH, Im E. PMID: 28800645; PMCID: PMC5553895.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    30. Role of G protein-coupled receptors-microRNA interactions in gastrointestinal pathophysiology. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2017 Nov 01; 313(5):G361-G372. Law IKM, Padua DM, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 28774868; PMCID: PMC5792214.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    31. Endocannabinoids in the gastrointestinal tract. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016 10 01; 311(4):G655-G666. Lee Y, Jo J, Chung HY, Pothoulakis C, Im E. PMID: 27538961.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 35     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    32. Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 prevents outbreak-associated Clostridium difficile-associated cecal inflammation in hamsters. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016 10 01; 311(4):G610-G623. Koon HW, Su B, Xu C, Mussatto CC, Tran DH, Lee EC, Ortiz C, Wang J, Lee JE, Ho S, Chen X, Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 27514478; PMCID: PMC5142203.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    33. A long noncoding RNA signature for ulcerative colitis identifies IFNG-AS1 as an enhancer of inflammation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016 09 01; 311(3):G446-57. Padua D, Mahurkar-Joshi S, Law IK, Polytarchou C, Vu JP, Pisegna JR, Shih D, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 27492330; PMCID: PMC5076004.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 70     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    34. Neuropeptide substance P and the immune response. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2016 11; 73(22):4249-4264. Mashaghi A, Marmalidou A, Tehrani M, Grace PM, Pothoulakis C, Dana R. PMID: 27314883; PMCID: PMC5056132.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 191     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    35. Neurotensin Promotes the Development of Colitis and Intestinal Angiogenesis via Hif-1α-miR-210 Signaling. J Immunol. 2016 05 15; 196(10):4311-21. Bakirtzi K, Law IK, Xue X, Iliopoulos D, Shah YM, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 27076683; PMCID: PMC4868643.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 22     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    36. Identification of a novel interaction between corticotropin releasing hormone (Crh) and macroautophagy. Sci Rep. 2016 Mar 18; 6:23342. Giannogonas P, Apostolou A, Manousopoulou A, Theocharis S, Macari SA, Psarras S, Garbis SD, Pothoulakis C, Karalis KP. PMID: 26987580; PMCID: PMC4796911.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    37. Neurotensin-induced miR-133α expression regulates neurotensin receptor 1 recycling through its downstream target aftiphilin. Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 23; 6:22195. Law IK, Jensen D, Bunnett NW, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 26902265; PMCID: PMC4763298.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    38. Urocortins and CRF receptor type 2 variants in the male rat colon: gene expression and regulation by endotoxin and anti-inflammatory effect. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016 Mar 15; 310(6):G387-98. Yuan PQ, Wu SV, Pothoulakis C, Taché Y. PMID: 26744472; PMCID: PMC4796293.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    39. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2016 Mar; 28(3):410-22. Mahurkar S, Polytarchou C, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA, Chang L. PMID: 26670691; PMCID: PMC4760882.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    40. The Insect Peptide CopA3 Increases Colonic Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Mucosal Barrier Function to Prevent Inflammatory Responses in the Gut. J Biol Chem. 2016 Feb 12; 291(7):3209-23. Kim DH, Hwang JS, Lee IH, Nam ST, Hong J, Zhang P, Lu LF, Lee J, Seok H, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT, Kim H. PMID: 26655716; PMCID: PMC4751369.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    41. Novel approaches to treating Clostridium difficile-associated colitis. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016; 10(2):193-204. Padua D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 26643655; PMCID: PMC5979265.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    42. Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor 2 Signaling Promotes Mucosal Repair Responses after Colitis. Am J Pathol. 2016 Jan; 186(1):134-44. Hoffman JM, Baritaki S, Ruiz JJ, Sideri A, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 26597886; PMCID: PMC4714033.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    43. Diminished expression of CRHR2 in human colon cancer promotes tumor growth and EMT via persistent IL-6/Stat3 signaling. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Nov 01; 1(6):610-630. Rodriguez JA, Huerta-Yepez S, Law IK, Baay-Guzman GJ, Tirado-Rodriguez B, Hoffman JM, Iliopoulos D, Hommes DW, Verspaget HW, Chang L, Pothoulakis C, Baritaki S. PMID: 26495412; PMCID: PMC4610032.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 29     Fields:    
    44. Corticotropin Releasing Hormone and Urocortin 3 Stimulate Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression through the cAMP/CREB Pathway. J Biol Chem. 2015 Oct 23; 290(43):26194-203. Rhee SH, Ma EL, Lee Y, Taché Y, Pothoulakis C, Im E. PMID: 26350463; PMCID: PMC4646269.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    45. A Novel Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor (PPAR)γ Agonist 2-Hydroxyethyl 5-chloro-4,5-didehydrojasmonate Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Colitis. J Biol Chem. 2015 Oct 16; 290(42):25609-19. Choo J, Lee Y, Yan XJ, Noh TH, Kim SJ, Son S, Pothoulakis C, Moon HR, Jung JH, Im E. PMID: 26342083; PMCID: PMC4646205.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    46. Identification of a novel substance P (SP)-neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) microRNA-221-5p inflammatory network in human colonic epithelial cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Sep 01; 1(5):503-515. Fang K, Sideri A, Law IK, Bakirtzi K, Polytarchou C, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 26645045; PMCID: PMC4669978.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    
    47. Identification of Spinal Cord MicroRNA and Gene Signatures in a Model of Chronic Stress-Induced Visceral Hyperalgesia in Rat. PLoS One. 2015; 10(7):e0130938. Bradesi S, Karagiannides I, Bakirtzi K, Joshi SM, Koukos G, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA. PMID: 26222740; PMCID: PMC4519289.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    48. Substance P mediates pro-inflammatory cytokine release form mesenteric adipocytes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Jul 01; 1(4):420-432. Sideri A, Bakirtzi K, Shih DQ, Koon HW, Fleshner P, Arsenescu R, Arsenescu V, Turner JR, Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 26543894; PMCID: PMC4629258.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 22     Fields:    
    49. MicroRNA214 Is Associated With Progression of Ulcerative Colitis, and Inhibition Reduces Development of Colitis and Colitis-Associated Cancer in Mice. Gastroenterology. 2015 Oct; 149(4):981-92.e11. Polytarchou C, Hommes DW, Palumbo T, Hatziapostolou M, Koutsioumpa M, Koukos G, van der Meulen-de Jong AE, Oikonomopoulos A, van Deen WK, Vorvis C, Serebrennikova OB, Birli E, Choi J, Chang L, Anton PA, Tsichlis PN, Pothoulakis C, Verspaget HW, Iliopoulos D. PMID: 26055138; PMCID: PMC4584179.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 77     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    50. A microRNA signature in pediatric ulcerative colitis: deregulation of the miR-4284/CXCL5 pathway in the intestinal epithelium. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2015 May; 21(5):996-1005. Koukos G, Polytarchou C, Kaplan JL, Oikonomopoulos A, Ziring D, Hommes DW, Wahed R, Kokkotou E, Pothoulakis C, Winter HS, Iliopoulos D. PMID: 25738378; PMCID: PMC4402238.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 33     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    51. Reciprocal Regulation of Substance P and IL-12/IL-23 and the Associated Cytokines, IFNγ/IL-17: A Perspective on the Relevance of This Interaction to Multiple Sclerosis. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2015 Sep; 10(3):457-67. Vilisaar J, Kawabe K, Braitch M, Aram J, Furtun Y, Fahey AJ, Chopra M, Tanasescu R, Tighe PJ, Gran B, Pothoulakis C, Constantinescu CS. PMID: 25690155; PMCID: PMC4543419.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    52. Effects of obesity on severity of colitis and cytokine expression in mouse mesenteric fat. Potential role of adiponectin receptor 1. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2015 Apr 01; 308(7):G591-604. Sideri A, Stavrakis D, Bowe C, Shih DQ, Fleshner P, Arsenescu V, Arsenescu R, Turner JR, Pothoulakis C, Karagiannides I. PMID: 25591865; PMCID: PMC4385897.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 21     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    53. Anti-fibrogenic effects of the anti-microbial peptide cathelicidin in murine colitis-associated fibrosis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Jan; 1(1):55-74.e1. Yoo JH, Ho S, Tran DH, Cheng M, Bakirtzi K, Kukota Y, Ichikawa R, Su B, Tran DH, Hing TC, Chang I, Shih DQ, Issacson RE, Gallo RL, Fiocchi C, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW. PMID: 25729764; PMCID: PMC4338438.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    
    54. MicroRNA-133α regulates neurotensin-associated colonic inflammation in colonic epithelial cells and experimental colitis. RNA Dis. 2015; 2(1). Law IK, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 26005712; PMCID: PMC4441413.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7  
    55. The neurotensin-HIF-1α-VEGFα axis orchestrates hypoxia, colonic inflammation, and intestinal angiogenesis. Am J Pathol. 2014 Dec; 184(12):3405-14. Bakirtzi K, West G, Fiocchi C, Law IK, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 25307345; PMCID: PMC4258496.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    56. Neurotensin--regulated miR-133α is involved in proinflammatory signalling in human colonic epithelial cells and in experimental colitis. Gut. 2015 Jul; 64(7):1095-104. Law IK, Bakirtzi K, Polytarchou C, Oikonomopoulos A, Hommes D, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 25112884; PMCID: PMC4422787.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    57. Endothelin-converting enzyme 1 and β-arrestins exert spatiotemporal control of substance P-induced inflammatory signals. J Biol Chem. 2014 Jul 18; 289(29):20283-94. Jensen DD, Halls ML, Murphy JE, Canals M, Cattaruzza F, Poole DP, Lieu T, Koon HW, Pothoulakis C, Bunnett NW. PMID: 24898255; PMCID: PMC4106342.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
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    59. Disruption of Pten speeds onset and increases severity of spontaneous colitis in Il10(-/-) mice. Gastroenterology. 2014 Sep; 147(3):667-679.e10. Im E, Jung J, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH. PMID: 24882466; PMCID: PMC4143453.
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    61. Chronic unpredictable stress regulates visceral adipocyte-mediated glucose metabolism and inflammatory circuits in male rats. Physiol Rep. 2014; 2(5):e00284. Karagiannides I, Golovatscka V, Bakirtzi K, Sideri A, Salas M, Stavrakis D, Polytarchou C, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Bradesi S. PMID: 24819750; PMCID: PMC4098730.
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    63. Tachykinins and their receptors: contributions to physiological control and the mechanisms of disease. Physiol Rev. 2014 Jan; 94(1):265-301. Steinhoff MS, von Mentzer B, Geppetti P, Pothoulakis C, Bunnett NW. PMID: 24382888; PMCID: PMC3929113.
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    64. Silence Please!: siRNA approaches to tighten the intestinal barrier in vivo. Am J Pathol. 2013 Dec; 183(6):1700-1702. Bakirtzi K, Hoffman JM, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 24183845; PMCID: PMC5691337.
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    65. Identification of a functional TPH1 polymorphism associated with irritable bowel syndrome bowel habit subtypes. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 Nov; 108(11):1766-74. Grasberger H, Chang L, Shih W, Presson AP, Sayuk GS, Newberry RD, Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C, Mayer E, Merchant JL. PMID: 24060757; PMCID: PMC4067697.
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    66. MicroRNA-124 regulates STAT3 expression and is down-regulated in colon tissues of pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 2013 Oct; 145(4):842-52.e2. Koukos G, Polytarchou C, Kaplan JL, Morley-Fletcher A, Gras-Miralles B, Kokkotou E, Baril-Dore M, Pothoulakis C, Winter HS, Iliopoulos D. PMID: 23856509; PMCID: PMC4427058.
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    67. Erratum: Sustained TL1A (TNFSF15) expression on both lymphoid and myeloid cells leads to mild spontaneous intestinal inflammation and fibrosis (DOI: 10.1556/EuJMI.3.2013.1.2). Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp). 2013 06; 3(2):141. Zheng L, Zhang X, Chen J, Ichikawa R, Wallace K, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW, Targan SR, Shih DQ. PMID: 24265931; PMCID: PMC3832092.
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    69. Mechanisms and metabolic implications of regional differences among fat depots. Cell Metab. 2013 May 07; 17(5):644-656. Tchkonia T, Thomou T, Zhu Y, Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C, Jensen MD, Kirkland JL. PMID: 23583168; PMCID: PMC3942783.
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    70. Diet-induced obesity promotes colon tumor development in azoxymethane-treated mice. PLoS One. 2013; 8(4):e60939. Tuominen I, Al-Rabadi L, Stavrakis D, Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C, Bugni JM. PMID: 23560112; PMCID: PMC3616169.
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    71. SUSTAINED TL1A (TNFSF15) EXPRESSION ON BOTH LYMPHOID AND MYELOID CELLS LEADS TO MILD SPONTANEOUS INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION AND FIBROSIS. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp). 2013 Mar; 3(1):11-20. Zheng L, Zhang X, Chen J, Ichikawa R, Wallace K, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW, Targan SR, Shih DQ. PMID: 23638306; PMCID: PMC3638202.
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    73. Local injection of dsRNA targeting calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) ameliorates Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced ileitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jan 08; 110(2):731-6. Bhargava A, Clifton MS, Mhaske P, Mhsake P, Liao M, Pothoulakis C, Leeman SE, Grady EF. PMID: 23267070; PMCID: PMC3545755.
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    74. Differentiating functional roles of gene expression from immune and non-immune cells in mouse colitis by bone marrow transplantation. J Vis Exp. 2012 Oct 01; (68):e4208. Koon HW, Ho S, Cheng M, Ichikawa R, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 23052552; PMCID: PMC3490309.
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    76. Elevated lipopolysaccharide in the colon evokes intestinal inflammation, aggravated in immune modulator-impaired mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2012 Aug 15; 303(4):G490-7. Im E, Riegler FM, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH. PMID: 22723263; PMCID: PMC3423140.
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    78. Adipose tissue and inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2012 Aug; 18(8):1550-7. Fink C, Karagiannides I, Bakirtzi K, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 22407798; PMCID: PMC3374883.
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    79. Efficacy and safety of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii for the prevention and therapy of gastrointestinal disorders. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2012 Mar; 5(2):111-25. Kelesidis T, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 22423260; PMCID: PMC3296087.
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    83. Lin28A and Lin28B inhibit let-7 microRNA biogenesis by distinct mechanisms. Cell. 2011 Nov 23; 147(5):1066-79. Piskounova E, Polytarchou C, Thornton JE, LaPierre RJ, Pothoulakis C, Hagan JP, Iliopoulos D, Gregory RI. PMID: 22118463; PMCID: PMC3227872.
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    87. The effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on bladder function in a rodent model. Urology. 2011 Oct; 78(4):967.e1-7. Smith AL, Leung J, Kun S, Zhang R, Karagiannides I, Raz S, Lee U, Glovatscka V, Pothoulakis C, Bradesi S, Mayer EA, Rodríguez LV. PMID: 21868072; PMCID: PMC3190050.
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    89. The insect peptide coprisin prevents Clostridium difficile-mediated acute inflammation and mucosal damage through selective antimicrobial activity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Oct; 55(10):4850-7. Kang JK, Hwang JS, Nam HJ, Ahn KJ, Seok H, Kim SK, Yun EY, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT, Kim H. PMID: 21807975; PMCID: PMC3186999.
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    90. Neurotensin signaling activates microRNAs-21 and -155 and Akt, promotes tumor growth in mice, and is increased in human colon tumors. Gastroenterology. 2011 Nov; 141(5):1749-61.e1. Bakirtzi K, Hatziapostolou M, Karagiannides I, Polytarchou C, Jaeger S, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 21806946; PMCID: PMC4442678.
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    92. Role of astrocytes and altered regulation of spinal glutamatergic neurotransmission in stress-induced visceral hyperalgesia in rats. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Sep; 301(3):G580-9. Bradesi S, Golovatscka V, Ennes HS, McRoberts JA, Karagiannides I, Karagiannidis I, Bakirtzi K, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA. PMID: 21719739; PMCID: PMC3174538.
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    93. Substance P (SP)-neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) alters adipose tissue responses to high-fat diet and insulin action. Endocrinology. 2011 Jun; 152(6):2197-205. Karagiannides I, Stavrakis D, Bakirtzi K, Kokkotou E, Pirtskhalava T, Nayeb-Hashemi H, Bowe C, Bugni JM, Nuño M, Lu B, Gerard NP, Leeman SE, Kirkland JL, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 21467195; PMCID: PMC3100617.
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    94. Activation of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2 mediates the colonic motor coping response to acute stress in rodents. Gastroenterology. 2011 May; 140(5):1586-96.e6. Gourcerol G, Wu SV, Yuan PQ, Pham H, Miampamba M, Larauche M, Sanders P, Amano T, Mulak A, Im E, Pothoulakis C, Rivier J, Taché Y, Million M. PMID: 21277852; PMCID: PMC3150547.
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    95. Constitutive TL1A (TNFSF15) expression on lymphoid or myeloid cells leads to mild intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. PLoS One. 2011 Jan 11; 6(1):e16090. Shih DQ, Barrett R, Zhang X, Yeager N, Koon HW, Phaosawasdi P, Song Y, Ko B, Wong MH, Michelsen KS, Martins G, Pothoulakis C, Targan SR. PMID: 21264313; PMCID: PMC3019214.
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    97. Neuropeptide - adipose tissue communication and intestinal pathophysiology. Curr Pharm Des. 2011; 17(16):1576-82. Karagiannides I, Bakirtzi K, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 21548874.
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    99. TRIF mediates Toll-like receptor 5-induced signaling in intestinal epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2010 Nov 26; 285(48):37570-8. Choi YJ, Im E, Chung HK, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH. PMID: 20855887; PMCID: PMC2988362.
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    107. Serotonin has a critical role in the pathogenesis of experimental colitis. Gastroenterology. 2009 Nov; 137(5):1562-6. Margolis KG, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 19789088; PMCID: PMC11114741.
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    125. Substance P as a novel anti-obesity target. Gastroenterology. 2008 Mar; 134(3):747-55. Karagiannides I, Torres D, Tseng YH, Bowe C, Carvalho E, Espinoza D, Pothoulakis C, Kokkotou E. PMID: 18325388; PMCID: PMC2359157.
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    126. Gastrin-mediated interleukin-8 and cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression: differential transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. Gastroenterology. 2008 Apr; 134(4):1070-82. Subramaniam D, Ramalingam S, May R, Dieckgraefe BK, Berg DE, Pothoulakis C, Houchen CW, Wang TC, Anant S. PMID: 18395088.
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    127. Comparative efficacies of rifaximin and vancomycin for treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea and prevention of disease recurrence in hamsters. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Mar; 52(3):1121-6. Kokkotou E, Moss AC, Michos A, Espinoza D, Cloud JW, Mustafa N, O'Brien M, Pothoulakis C, Kelly CP. PMID: 18195066; PMCID: PMC2258528.
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    128. Obesity, innate immunity and gut inflammation. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2007 Nov; 23(6):661-6. Karagiannides I, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 17906444.
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    129. Inflammation and apoptosis in Clostridium difficile enteritis is mediated by PGE2 up-regulation of Fas ligand. Gastroenterology. 2007 Sep; 133(3):875-86. Kim H, Rhee SH, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT. PMID: 17854595.
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    130. Role of neuropeptides in inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2007 Jul; 13(7):918-32. Gross KJ, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 17343284.
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    131. Functional consequences of alteration of N-linked glycosylation sites on the neurokinin 1 receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jun 19; 104(25):10691-6. Tansky MF, Pothoulakis C, Leeman SE. PMID: 17563389; PMCID: PMC1965574.
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    132. Neurotensin stimulates expression of early growth response gene-1 and EGF receptor through MAP kinase activation in human colonic epithelial cells. Int J Cancer. 2007 Apr 15; 120(8):1652-6. Zhao D, Zhan Y, Zeng H, Koon HW, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 17230532; PMCID: PMC3685406.
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    133. Protease-activated receptor 2, dipeptidyl peptidase I, and proteases mediate Clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis. Gastroenterology. 2007 Jun; 132(7):2422-37. Cottrell GS, Amadesi S, Pikios S, Camerer E, Willardsen JA, Murphy BR, Caughey GH, Wolters PJ, Coughlin SR, Peterson A, Knecht W, Pothoulakis C, Bunnett NW, Grady EF. PMID: 17570216; PMCID: PMC2366898.
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    134. Urocortin II mediates pro-inflammatory effects in human colonocytes via corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2alpha. Gut. 2007 Sep; 56(9):1210-7. Moss AC, Anton P, Savidge T, Newman P, Cheifetz AS, Gay J, Paraschos S, Winter MW, Moyer MP, Karalis K, Kokkotou E, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 17412781; PMCID: PMC1954994.
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    135. Enteric glia regulate intestinal barrier function and inflammation via release of S-nitrosoglutathione. Gastroenterology. 2007 Apr; 132(4):1344-58. Savidge TC, Newman P, Pothoulakis C, Ruhl A, Neunlist M, Bourreille A, Hurst R, Sofroniew MV. PMID: 17408650.
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    136. Substance P mediates antiapoptotic responses in human colonocytes by Akt activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 06; 104(6):2013-8. Koon HW, Zhao D, Zhan Y, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 17264209; PMCID: PMC1794289.
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    137. Immunomodulatory properties of substance P: the gastrointestinal system as a model. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Nov; 1088:23-40. Koon HW, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 17192554.
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    138. Interleukin-6 genetic ablation protects from trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in mice. Putative effect of antiinflammatory cytokines. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2006; 13(2):114-21. Gay J, Kokkotou E, O'Brien M, Pothoulakis C, Karalis KP. PMID: 17077645.
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    139. Identification of depot-specific human fat cell progenitors through distinct expression profiles and developmental gene patterns. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jan; 292(1):E298-307. Tchkonia T, Lenburg M, Thomou T, Giorgadze N, Frampton G, Pirtskhalava T, Cartwright A, Cartwright M, Flanagan J, Karagiannides I, Gerry N, Forse RA, Tchoukalova Y, Jensen MD, Pothoulakis C, Kirkland JL. PMID: 16985259.
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    140. Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2-deficient mice have reduced intestinal inflammatory responses. J Immunol. 2006 Sep 01; 177(5):3355-61. Kokkotou E, Torres D, Moss AC, O'Brien M, Grigoriadis DE, Karalis K, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 16920976.
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    141. Effects of NT on gastrointestinal motility and secretion, and role in intestinal inflammation. Peptides. 2006 Oct; 27(10):2434-44. Zhao D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 16872719.
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    142. Epithelial cell I kappa B-kinase beta has an important protective role in Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced mucosal injury. J Immunol. 2006 Jul 15; 177(2):1214-20. Chae S, Eckmann L, Miyamoto Y, Pothoulakis C, Karin M, Kagnoff MF. PMID: 16818780.
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    143. Saccharomyces boulardii inhibits ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation both in vitro and in vivo and protects against Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis. J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 25; 281(34):24449-54. Chen X, Kokkotou EG, Mustafa N, Bhaskar KR, Sougioultzis S, O'Brien M, Pothoulakis C, Kelly CP. PMID: 16816386.
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    144. The role of neurokinin 1 receptors in the maintenance of visceral hyperalgesia induced by repeated stress in rats. Gastroenterology. 2006 May; 130(6):1729-42. Bradesi S, Kokkotou E, Simeonidis S, Patierno S, Ennes HS, Mittal Y, McRoberts JA, Ohning G, McLean P, Marvizon JC, Sternini C, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA. PMID: 16697737.
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    145. Role of MyD88 in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation by flagellin/toll-like receptor 5 engagement in colonic epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jul 07; 281(27):18560-8. Rhee SH, Kim H, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 16644730.
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    146. Substance P stimulates cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 expression through JAK-STAT activation in human colonic epithelial cells. J Immunol. 2006 Apr 15; 176(8):5050-9. Koon HW, Zhao D, Zhan Y, Rhee SH, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 16585602; PMCID: PMC2593099.
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    147. Ghrelin stimulates interleukin-8 gene expression through protein kinase C-mediated NF-kappaB pathway in human colonic epithelial cells. J Cell Biochem. 2006 Apr 15; 97(6):1317-27. Zhao D, Zhan Y, Zeng H, Moyer MP, Mantzoros CS, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 16552751.
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    148. Induction of colitis causes inflammatory responses in fat depots: evidence for substance P pathways in human mesenteric preadipocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Mar 28; 103(13):5207-12. Karagiannides I, Kokkotou E, Tansky M, Tchkonia T, Giorgadze N, O'Brien M, Leeman SE, Kirkland JL, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 16549770; PMCID: PMC1458819.
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    149. Saccharomyces boulardii produces a soluble anti-inflammatory factor that inhibits NF-kappaB-mediated IL-8 gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Apr 28; 343(1):69-76. Sougioultzis S, Simeonidis S, Bhaskar KR, Chen X, Anton PM, Keates S, Pothoulakis C, Kelly CP. PMID: 16529714.
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    150. Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced colonocyte apoptosis involves p53-dependent p21(WAF1/CIP1) induction via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Gastroenterology. 2005 Dec; 129(6):1875-88. Kim H, Kokkotou E, Na X, Rhee SH, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT. PMID: 16344056.
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    151. Pathophysiological role of Toll-like receptor 5 engagement by bacterial flagellin in colonic inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Sep 20; 102(38):13610-5. Rhee SH, Im E, Riegler M, Kokkotou E, O'brien M, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 16157881; PMCID: PMC1224619.
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    152. Substance P-stimulated interleukin-8 expression in human colonic epithelial cells involves protein kinase Cdelta activation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Sep; 314(3):1393-400. Koon HW, Zhao D, Zhan Y, Simeonidis S, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 15917399.
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    153. Clostridium difficile toxin B activates the EGF receptor and the ERK/MAP kinase pathway in human colonocytes. Gastroenterology. 2005 Apr; 128(4):1002-11. Na X, Zhao D, Koon HW, Kim H, Husmark J, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. PMID: 15825081.
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    154. Clostridium difficile toxin A regulates inducible cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 synthesis in colonocytes via reactive oxygen species and activation of p38 MAPK. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jun 03; 280(22):21237-45. Kim H, Rhee SH, Kokkotou E, Na X, Savidge T, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. PMID: 15767259.
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    155. Neurotensin stimulates interleukin-8 expression through modulation of I kappa B alpha phosphorylation and p65 transcriptional activity: involvement of protein kinase C alpha. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Jun; 67(6):2025-31. Zhao D, Zhan Y, Zeng H, Koon HW, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 15755906.
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    156. Repeated exposure to water avoidance stress in rats: a new model for sustained visceral hyperalgesia. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005 Jul; 289(1):G42-53. Bradesi S, Schwetz I, Ennes HS, Lamy CM, Ohning G, Fanselow M, Pothoulakis C, McRoberts JA, Mayer EA. PMID: 15746211.
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    157. Clostridium difficile toxoid vaccine in recurrent C. difficile-associated diarrhea. Gastroenterology. 2005 Mar; 128(3):764-70. Sougioultzis S, Kyne L, Drudy D, Keates S, Maroo S, Pothoulakis C, Giannasca PJ, Lee CK, Warny M, Monath TP, Kelly CP. PMID: 15765411.
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    158. Rifalazil treats and prevents relapse of clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in hamsters. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Oct; 48(10):3975-9. Anton PM, O'Brien M, Kokkotou E, Eisenstein B, Michaelis A, Rothstein D, Paraschos S, Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 15388461; PMCID: PMC521872.
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    159. Metalloproteinases and transforming growth factor-alpha mediate substance P-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and proliferation in human colonocytes. J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 29; 279(44):45519-27. Koon HW, Zhao D, Na X, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 15319441.
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    160. Metalloproteinase-dependent transforming growth factor-alpha release mediates neurotensin-stimulated MAP kinase activation in human colonic epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 15; 279(42):43547-54. Zhao D, Zhan Y, Koon HW, Zeng H, Keates S, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 15247267.
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    161. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) requirement in Clostridium difficile toxin A-mediated intestinal inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jun 01; 101(22):8503-8. Anton PM, Gay J, Mykoniatis A, Pan A, O'Brien M, Brown D, Karalis K, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 15159534; PMCID: PMC420423.
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    162. MEK is a key modulator for TLR5-induced interleukin-8 and MIP3alpha gene expression in non-transformed human colonic epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jun 11; 279(24):25179-88. Rhee SH, Keates AC, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 15069060.
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    163. Rho GTPases as therapeutic targets for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2003 Oct; 7(5):583-92. Zhao D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 14498821.
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    164. Clostridium difficile toxin B is an inflammatory enterotoxin in human intestine. Gastroenterology. 2003 Aug; 125(2):413-20. Savidge TC, Pan WH, Newman P, O'brien M, Anton PM, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 12891543.
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    165. A neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist reduces an ongoing ileal pouch inflammation and the response to a subsequent inflammatory stimulus. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003 Dec; 285(6):G1259-67. Stucchi AF, Shebani KO, Leeman SE, Wang CC, Reed KL, Fruin AB, Gower AC, McClung JP, Andry CD, O'Brien MJ, Pothoulakis C, Becker JM. PMID: 12893626.
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    166. Development of microbial-human enterocyte interaction: cholera toxin. Pediatr Res. 2003 Aug; 54(2):212-8. Lu L, Baldeon ME, Savidge T, Pothoulakis C, Walker WA. PMID: 12736381.
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    167. Leptin mediates Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in mice. Gastroenterology. 2003 Mar; 124(3):683-91. Mykoniatis A, Anton PM, Wlk M, Wang CC, Ungsunan L, Blüher S, Venihaki M, Simeonidis S, Zacks J, Zhao D, Sougioultzis S, Karalis K, Mantzoros C, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 12612907.
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    168. Regulation of the NK-1 receptor gene expression in human macrophage cells via an NF-kappa B site on its promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Mar 04; 100(5):2957-62. Simeonidis S, Castagliuolo I, Pan A, Liu J, Wang CC, Mykoniatis A, Pasha A, Valenick L, Sougioultzis S, Zhao D, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 12594338; PMCID: PMC151448.
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    169. Neurotensin stimulates IL-8 expression in human colonic epithelial cells through Rho GTPase-mediated NF-kappa B pathways. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2003 Jun; 284(6):C1397-404. Zhao D, Kuhnt-Moore S, Zeng H, Wu JS, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 12584113.
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    170. Bacterial infections: small intestine and colon. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2003 Jan; 19(1):23-30. Sougioultzis S, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 15699889.
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    171. Protective role of HSP72 against Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced intestinal epithelial cell dysfunction. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2003 Apr; 284(4):C1073-82. Liu TS, Musch MW, Sugi K, Walsh-Reitz MM, Ropeleski MJ, Hendrickson BA, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT, Chang EB. PMID: 12490434.
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    172. Substance P-stimulated interleukin-8 expression in human colonic epithelial cells involves Rho family small GTPases. Biochem J. 2002 Dec 01; 368(Pt 2):665-72. Zhao D, Kuhnt-Moore S, Zeng H, Pan A, Wu JS, Simeonidis S, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 12169092; PMCID: PMC1222994.
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    173. Corticotropin-releasing hormone antagonists possess anti-inflammatory effects in the mouse ileum. Gastroenterology. 2002 Aug; 123(2):505-15. Wlk M, Wang CC, Venihaki M, Liu J, Zhao D, Anton PM, Mykoniatis A, Pan A, Zacks J, Karalis K, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 12145804.
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    174. Protective effects of neurokinin-1 receptor during colitis in mice: role of the epidermal growth factor receptor. Br J Pharmacol. 2002 May; 136(2):271-9. Castagliuolo I, Morteau O, Keates AC, Valenick L, Wang CC, Zacks J, Lu B, Gerard NP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 12010776; PMCID: PMC1573337.
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    175. Clostridium difficile toxin A triggers human colonocyte IL-8 release via mitochondrial oxygen radical generation. Gastroenterology. 2002 Apr; 122(4):1048-57. He D, Sougioultzis S, Hagen S, Liu J, Keates S, Keates AC, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT. PMID: 11910356.
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    176. Genetic deficiency in the chemokine receptor CCR1 protects against acute Clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis in mice. Gastroenterology. 2002 Mar; 122(3):725-33. Morteau O, Castagliuolo I, Mykoniatis A, Zacks J, Wlk M, Lu B, Pothoulakis C, Gerard NP, Gerard C. PMID: 11875005.
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    177. Mechanism of lovastatin-induced apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells. Carcinogenesis. 2002 Mar; 23(3):521-8. Agarwal B, Halmos B, Feoktistov AS, Protiva P, Ramey WG, Chen M, Pothoulakis C, Lamont JT, Holt PR. PMID: 11895868.
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    178. Protein kinase C signaling regulates ZO-1 translocation and increased paracellular flux of T84 colonocytes exposed to Clostridium difficile toxin A. J Biol Chem. 2002 Feb 08; 277(6):4247-54. Chen ML, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. PMID: 11729192.
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    179. Deletion of neutral endopeptidase exacerbates intestinal inflammation induced by Clostridium difficile toxin A. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2001 Aug; 281(2):G544-51. Kirkwood KS, Bunnett NW, Maa J, Castagliolo I, Liu B, Gerard N, Zacks J, Pothoulakis C, Grady EF. PMID: 11447035.
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    180. Endogenous corticosteroids modulate Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in rats. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2001 Apr; 280(4):G539-45. Castagliuolo I, Karalis K, Valenick L, Pasha A, Nikulasson S, Wlk M, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 11254479.
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    181. Saccharomyces boulardii stimulates intestinal immunoglobulin A immune response to Clostridium difficile toxin A in mice. Infect Immun. 2001 Apr; 69(4):2762-5. Qamar A, Aboudola S, Warny M, Michetti P, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Kelly CP. PMID: 11254650; PMCID: PMC98222.
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    182. The role of neuroenteric hormones in intestinal infectious diseases. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2000 Nov; 16(6):536-40. Pothoulakis C. PMID: 17031134.
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    183. Altered ion channel activity in murine colonic smooth muscle myocytes in an experimental colitis model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Aug 28; 275(2):637-42. Akbarali HI, Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I. PMID: 10964716.
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    184. Epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation mediates substance P-induced mitogenic responses in U-373 MG cells. J Biol Chem. 2000 Aug 25; 275(34):26545-50. Castagliuolo I, Valenick L, Liu J, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 10846186.
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    185. Neurotensin stimulates Cl(-) secretion in human colonic mucosa In vitro: role of adenosine. Gastroenterology. 2000 Aug; 119(2):348-57. Riegler M, Castagliuolo I, Wang C, Wlk M, Sogukoglu T, Wenzl E, Matthews JB, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 10930370.
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    186. Clostridium difficile toxin A causes early damage to mitochondria in cultured cells. Gastroenterology. 2000 Jul; 119(1):139-50. He D, Hagen SJ, Pothoulakis C, Chen M, Medina ND, Warny M, LaMont JT. PMID: 10889163.
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    187. Clostridium difficile toxin A excites enteric neurones and suppresses sympathetic neurotransmission in the guinea pig. Gut. 2000 Apr; 46(4):481-6. Xia Y, Hu HZ, Liu S, Pothoulakis C, Wood JD. PMID: 10716676; PMCID: PMC1727875.
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    188. p38 MAP kinase activation by Clostridium difficile toxin A mediates monocyte necrosis, IL-8 production, and enteritis. J Clin Invest. 2000 Apr; 105(8):1147-56. Warny M, Keates AC, Keates S, Castagliuolo I, Zacks JK, Aboudola S, Qamar A, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Kelly CP. PMID: 10772660; PMCID: PMC300827.
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    189. Substance P causes a chloride-dependent short-circuit current response in rabbit colonic mucosa in vitro. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1999 Dec; 34(12):1203-11. Riegler M, Castagliuolo I, Wlk M, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 10636067.
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    190. Effects of substance P on human colonic mucosa in vitro. Am J Physiol. 1999 06; 276(6):G1473-83. Riegler M, Castagliuolo I, So PT, Lotz M, Wang C, Wlk M, Sogukoglu T, Cosentini E, Bischof G, Hamilton G, Teleky B, Wenzl E, Matthews JB, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 10362651.
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    191. Bacteroides fragilis toxin 2 damages human colonic mucosa in vitro. Gut. 1999 Apr; 44(4):504-10. Riegler M, Lotz M, Sears C, Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Wang CC, Sedivy R, Sogukoglu T, Cosentini E, Bischof G, Feil W, Teleky B, Hamilton G, LaMont JT, Wenzl E. PMID: 10075957; PMCID: PMC1727476.
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    192. Neurotensin is a proinflammatory neuropeptide in colonic inflammation. J Clin Invest. 1999 Mar; 103(6):843-9. Castagliuolo I, Wang CC, Valenick L, Pasha A, Nikulasson S, Carraway RE, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 10079105; PMCID: PMC408137.
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    193. Participation of reactive oxygen metabolites in Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in rats. Am J Physiol. 1999 02; 276(2):G485-90. Qiu B, Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Nikulasson S, LaMont JT. PMID: 9950823.
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    194. Bovine immunoglobulin concentrate-clostridium difficile retains C difficile toxin neutralising activity after passage through the human stomach and small intestine. Gut. 1999 Feb; 44(2):212-7. Warny M, Fatimi A, Bostwick EF, Laine DC, Lebel F, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C, Kelly CP. PMID: 9895380; PMCID: PMC1727384.
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    195. Enterotoxin A of Clostridium difficile and alpha-Gal epitopes. Subcell Biochem. 1999; 32:215-27. Pothoulakis C. PMID: 10391997.
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    196. Saccharomyces boulardii protease inhibits the effects of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B in human colonic mucosa. Infect Immun. 1999 Jan; 67(1):302-7. Castagliuolo I, Riegler MF, Valenick L, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 9864230; PMCID: PMC96311.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 103     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    197. In vitro evidence that rabbit distal colonic muscularis mucosae has a Clostridium difficile toxin A receptor. Am J Physiol. 1998 09; 275(3):G402-9. Percy WH, Burakoff R, Rose K, Desai HP, Pothoulakis C, Eglow R. PMID: 9724250.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    198. Substance P receptor expression in intestinal epithelium in clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis in rats. Am J Physiol. 1998 07; 275(1):G68-75. Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Leeman SE, Wang CC, Li H, Hoffman BJ, Mezey E. PMID: 9655686.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    199. Studies of brush border enzymes, basement membrane components, and electrophysiology of tissue-engineered neointestine. J Pediatr Surg. 1998 Jul; 33(7):991-6; discussion 996-7. Choi RS, Riegler M, Pothoulakis C, Kim BS, Mooney D, Vacanti M, Vacanti JP. PMID: 9694083.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    200. Clostridium difficile toxin A stimulates macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 production in rat intestinal epithelial cells. J Immunol. 1998 Jun 15; 160(12):6039-45. Castagliuolo I, Keates AC, Wang CC, Pasha A, Valenick L, Kelly CP, Nikulasson ST, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 9637520.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 41     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    201. Colonic mucin release in response to immobilization stress is mast cell dependent. Am J Physiol. 1998 06; 274(6):G1094-1100. Castagliuolo I, Wershil BK, Karalis K, Pasha A, Nikulasson ST, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 9696710.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    202. Levamisole inhibits intestinal Cl- secretion via basolateral K+ channel blockade. Gastroenterology. 1998 Jun; 114(6):1257-67. Mun EC, Mayol JM, Riegler M, O'Brien TC, Farokhzad OC, Song JC, Pothoulakis C, Hrnjez BJ, Matthews JB. PMID: 9609763.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    203. Neuroimmune mechanisms of intestinal responses to stress. Role of corticotropin-releasing factor and neurotensin. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998 May 01; 840:635-48. Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Leeman SE. PMID: 9629290.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    204. Direct evidence of mast cell involvement in Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in mice. Gastroenterology. 1998 May; 114(5):956-64. Wershil BK, Castagliuolo I, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 9558284.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 35     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    205. Neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor is required in Clostridium difficile- induced enteritis. J Clin Invest. 1998 Apr 15; 101(8):1547-50. Castagliuolo I, Riegler M, Pasha A, Nikulasson S, Lu B, Gerard C, Gerard NP, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 9541482; PMCID: PMC508733.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 54     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    206. Role of substance P and the neurokinin 1 receptor in acute pancreatitis and pancreatitis-associated lung injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Apr 14; 95(8):4760-5. Bhatia M, Saluja AK, Hofbauer B, Frossard JL, Lee HS, Castagliuolo I, Wang CC, Gerard N, Pothoulakis C, Steer ML. PMID: 9539812; PMCID: PMC22564.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 81     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    207. Nerves and Intestinal Mast Cells Modulate Responses to Enterotoxins. News Physiol Sci. 1998 Apr; 13:58-63. Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT. PMID: 11390763.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    
    208. CGRP upregulation in dorsal root ganglia and ileal mucosa during Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis. Am J Physiol. 1998 01; 274(1):G196-202. Keates AC, Castagliuolo I, Qiu B, Nikulasson S, Sengupta A, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 9458790.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    209. IL-8 release and neutrophil activation by Clostridium difficile toxin-exposed human monocytes. Am J Physiol. 1997 12; 273(6):G1333-40. Linevsky JK, Pothoulakis C, Keates S, Warny M, Keates AC, Lamont JT, Kelly CP. PMID: 9435559.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 32     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    210. Epidermal growth factor attenuates Clostridium difficile toxin A- and B-induced damage of human colonic mucosa. Am J Physiol. 1997 11; 273(5):G1014-22. Riegler M, Sedivy R, Sogukoglu T, Castagliuolo I, Pothoulakis C, Cosentini E, Bischof G, Hamilton G, Teleky B, Feil W, Lamont JT, Wenzl E. PMID: 9374697.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    211. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for severe Clostridium difficile colitis. Gut. 1997 Sep; 41(3):366-70. Salcedo J, Keates S, Pothoulakis C, Warny M, Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Kelly CP. PMID: 9378393; PMCID: PMC1891485.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 56     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    212. IL-11 inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A enterotoxicity in rat ileum. Am J Physiol. 1997 Aug; 273(2 Pt 1):G333-41. Castagliuolo I, Kelly CP, Qiu BS, Nikulasson ST, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 9277411.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    213. Increased substance P responses in dorsal root ganglia and intestinal macrophages during Clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis in rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Apr 29; 94(9):4788-93. Castagliuolo I, Keates AC, Qiu B, Kelly CP, Nikulasson S, Leeman SE, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 9114070; PMCID: PMC20803.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 50     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    214. Survival of anti-Clostridium difficile bovine immunoglobulin concentrate in the human gastrointestinal tract. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Feb; 41(2):236-41. Kelly CP, Chetham S, Keates S, Bostwick EF, Roush AM, Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 9021173; PMCID: PMC163695.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCellsCTClinical Trials
    215. Saccharomyces boulardii protease inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A effects in the rat ileum. Infect Immun. 1996 Dec; 64(12):5225-32. Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Nikulasson ST, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 8945570; PMCID: PMC174512.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 79     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    216. Pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1996 Nov; 8(11):1041-7. Pothoulakis C. PMID: 8944363.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20  Translation:HumansCells
    217. Acute stress causes mucin release from rat colon: role of corticotropin releasing factor and mast cells. Am J Physiol. 1996 Nov; 271(5 Pt 1):G884-92. Castagliuolo I, Lamont JT, Qiu B, Fleming SM, Bhaskar KR, Nikulasson ST, Kornetsky C, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 8944704.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 63     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    218. A neurotensin antagonist, SR 48692, inhibits colonic responses to immobilization stress in rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Oct 29; 93(22):12611-5. Castagliuolo I, Leeman SE, Bartolak-Suki E, Nikulasson S, Qiu B, Carraway RE, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 8901630; PMCID: PMC38040.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    219. Rabbit sucrase-isomaltase contains a functional intestinal receptor for Clostridium difficile toxin A. J Clin Invest. 1996 Aug 01; 98(3):641-9. Pothoulakis C, Gilbert RJ, Cladaras C, Castagliuolo I, Semenza G, Hitti Y, Montcrief JS, Linevsky J, Kelly CP, Nikulasson S, Desai HP, Wilkins TD, LaMont JT. PMID: 8698855; PMCID: PMC507473.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 37     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    220. A receptor decoy inhibits the enterotoxic effects of Clostridium difficile toxin A in rat ileum. Gastroenterology. 1996 Aug; 111(2):433-8. Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Qiu B, Nikulasson ST, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 8690209.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    221. Nitric oxide inhibits rat intestinal secretion by Clostridium difficile toxin A but not Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin. Gastroenterology. 1996 Aug; 111(2):409-18. Qiu B, Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Nikulasson Z, LaMont JT. PMID: 8690206.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    222. A human antibody binds to alpha-galactose receptors and mimics the effects of Clostridium difficile toxin A in rat colon. Gastroenterology. 1996 Jun; 110(6):1704-12. Pothoulakis C, Galili U, Castagliuolo I, Kelly CP, Nikulasson S, Dudeja PK, Brasitus TA, LaMont JT. PMID: 8964394.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    223. Anti-Clostridium difficile bovine immunoglobulin concentrate inhibits cytotoxicity and enterotoxicity of C. difficile toxins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Feb; 40(2):373-9. Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C, Vavva F, Castagliuolo I, Bostwick EF, O'Keane JC, Keates S, LaMont JT. PMID: 8834883; PMCID: PMC163119.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 30     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    224. Trefoil peptide protection of intestinal epithelial barrier function: cooperative interaction with mucin glycoprotein. Gastroenterology. 1995 Aug; 109(2):516-23. Kindon H, Pothoulakis C, Thim L, Lynch-Devaney K, Podolsky DK. PMID: 7615201.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 88     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    225. Effects of purified Clostridium difficile toxin A on rabbit distal colon. Gastroenterology. 1995 Aug; 109(2):348-54. Burakoff R, Zhao L, Celifarco AJ, Rose KL, Donovan V, Pothoulakis C, Percy WH. PMID: 7615182.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    226. Clostridium difficile toxin B is more potent than toxin A in damaging human colonic epithelium in vitro. J Clin Invest. 1995 May; 95(5):2004-11. Riegler M, Sedivy R, Pothoulakis C, Hamilton G, Zacherl J, Bischof G, Cosentini E, Feil W, Schiessel R, LaMont JT, et al. PMID: 7738167; PMCID: PMC295778.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 111     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    227. Involvement of Ras-related Rho proteins in the mechanisms of action of Clostridium difficile toxin A and toxin B. Infect Immun. 1995 Apr; 63(4):1421-6. Dillon ST, Rubin EJ, Yakubovich M, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Feig LA, Gilbert RJ. PMID: 7890404; PMCID: PMC173169.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    228. Clostridium difficile toxin B activates calcium influx required for actin disassembly during cytotoxicity. Am J Physiol. 1995 Mar; 268(3 Pt 1):G487-95. Gilbert RJ, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Yakubovich M. PMID: 7900810.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    229. IL-8 secretion and neutrophil activation by HT-29 colonic epithelial cells. Am J Physiol. 1994 Dec; 267(6 Pt 1):G991-7. Kelly CP, Keates S, Siegenberg D, Linevsky JK, Pothoulakis C, Brady HR. PMID: 7810667.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    230. Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced microvascular dysfunction. Role of histamine. J Clin Invest. 1994 Nov; 94(5):1919-26. Kurose I, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Anderson DC, Paulson JC, Miyasaka M, Wolf R, Granger DN. PMID: 7962537; PMCID: PMC294602.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    231. Neuronal involvement in the intestinal effects of Clostridium difficile toxin A and Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin in rat ileum. Gastroenterology. 1994 Sep; 107(3):657-65. Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Letourneau R, Kelly C, O'Keane JC, Jaffer A, Theoharides TC, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 7915699.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 48     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    232. Neutrophil recruitment in Clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis in the rabbit. J Clin Invest. 1994 Mar; 93(3):1257-65. Kelly CP, Becker S, Linevsky JK, Joshi MA, O'Keane JC, Dickey BF, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 7907603; PMCID: PMC294078.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 97     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    233. CP-96,345, a substance P antagonist, inhibits rat intestinal responses to Clostridium difficile toxin A but not cholera toxin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Feb 01; 91(3):947-51. Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Jaffer A, O'Keane JC, Snider RM, Leeman SE. PMID: 7508124; PMCID: PMC521430.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 88     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    234. Clostridium difficile colitis. N Engl J Med. 1994 Jan 27; 330(4):257-62. Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. PMID: 8043060.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 298     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    235. Ketotifen inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in rat ileum. Gastroenterology. 1993 Sep; 105(3):701-7. Pothoulakis C, Karmeli F, Kelly CP, Eliakim R, Joshi MA, O'Keane CJ, Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT, Rachmilewitz D. PMID: 8395445.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 30     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    236. Clostridium difficile colitis and diarrhea. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1993 Sep; 22(3):623-37. Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. PMID: 8406734.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    237. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea and colitis: pathogenesis and therapy. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 1993 Jul; 3(1):17-32. Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, Kelly CP, Lamont JT. PMID: 18611542.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    
    238. Clostridium difficile toxin A stimulates enzyme secretion from isolated rat pancreatic acini. Mater Med Pol. 1993 Jul-Dec; 25(3-4):127-31. Malecka-Panas E, Triadafilopoulos G, Tsukamoto H, Howitt G, Pothoulakis C, LaMont T. PMID: 7520960.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    239. Diagnostic tests for Clostridium difficile diarrhoea and colitis: past, present and future. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1993 Jul-Aug; 8(4):311-2. Pothoulakis C, Castagliuolo I, LaMont JT. PMID: 8374085.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    240. Saccharomyces boulardii inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A binding and enterotoxicity in rat ileum. Gastroenterology. 1993 Apr; 104(4):1108-15. Pothoulakis C, Kelly CP, Joshi MA, Gao N, O'Keane CJ, Castagliuolo I, Lamont JT. PMID: 8462799.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 55     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    241. Effects of purified Clostridium difficile toxin A in the small intestine of the rat in vivo. Nat Toxins. 1993; 1(6):369-75. Beubler E, Schirgi-Degen A, Pabst MA, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. PMID: 7909488.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    242. Diminished Clostridium difficile toxin A sensitivity in newborn rabbit ileum is associated with decreased toxin A receptor. J Clin Invest. 1992 Sep; 90(3):822-9. Eglow R, Pothoulakis C, Itzkowitz S, Israel EJ, O'Keane CJ, Gong D, Gao N, Xu YL, Walker WA, LaMont JT. PMID: 1325998; PMCID: PMC329936.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 45     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    243. Clostridium difficile toxin B disrupts the barrier function of T84 monolayers. Gastroenterology. 1992 Feb; 102(2):416-23. Hecht G, Koutsouris A, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Madara JL. PMID: 1732112.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 62     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    244. Human colonic aspirates containing immunoglobulin A antibody to Clostridium difficile toxin A inhibit toxin A-receptor binding. Gastroenterology. 1992 Jan; 102(1):35-40. Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C, Orellana J, LaMont JT. PMID: 1309359.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 33     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    245. The chemotactic response of human granulocytes to Clostridium difficile toxin A is age dependent. Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 Oct; 86(10):1461-5. Triadafilopoulos G, Shah MH, Pothoulakis C. PMID: 1928037.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    246. Characterization of rabbit ileal receptors for Clostridium difficile toxin A. Evidence for a receptor-coupled G protein. J Clin Invest. 1991 Jul; 88(1):119-25. Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Eglow R, Gao N, Rubins JB, Theoharides TC, Dickey BF. PMID: 1905325; PMCID: PMC296011.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    247. Treatment with intravenously administered gamma globulin of chronic relapsing colitis induced by Clostridium difficile toxin. J Pediatr. 1991 Apr; 118(4 Pt 1):633-7. Leung DY, Kelly CP, Boguniewicz M, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Flores A. PMID: 1901084.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 63     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    248. C. difficile toxin A increases intestinal permeability and induces Cl- secretion. Am J Physiol. 1990 Aug; 259(2 Pt 1):G165-72. Moore R, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Carlson S, Madara JL. PMID: 2116728.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 39     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    249. Macrophage-dependent stimulation of T cell-depleted spleen cells by Clostridium difficile toxin A and calcium ionophore. Cell Immunol. 1990 Mar; 126(1):155-63. Miller PD, Pothoulakis C, Baeker TR, LaMont JT, Rothstein TL. PMID: 2105851.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    250. Comparative study of Clostridium difficile toxin A and cholera toxin in rabbit ileum. Gastroenterology. 1989 Nov; 97(5):1186-92. Triadafilopoulos G, Pothoulakis C, Weiss R, Giampaolo C, Lamont JT. PMID: 2551764.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 27     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    251. Effect of purified Clostridium difficile toxins on intestinal smooth muscle. II. Toxin B. Am J Physiol. 1989 Apr; 256(4 Pt 1):G767-72. Gilbert RJ, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. PMID: 2495734.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    252. Effect of purified Clostridium difficile toxins on intestinal smooth muscle. I. Toxin A. Am J Physiol. 1989 Apr; 256(4 Pt 1):G759-66. Gilbert RJ, Triadafilopoulos G, Pothoulakis C, Giampaolo C, LaMont JT. PMID: 2495733.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    253. Clostridium difficile toxin A perturbs cytoskeletal structure and tight junction permeability of cultured human intestinal epithelial monolayers. J Clin Invest. 1988 Nov; 82(5):1516-24. Hecht G, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Madara JL. PMID: 3141478; PMCID: PMC442717.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 118     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    254. Clostridium difficile toxin A stimulates intracellular calcium release and chemotactic response in human granulocytes. J Clin Invest. 1988 Jun; 81(6):1741-5. Pothoulakis C, Sullivan R, Melnick DA, Triadafilopoulos G, Gadenne AS, Meshulam T, LaMont JT. PMID: 2838520; PMCID: PMC442619.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 37     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    255. Differential effects of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B on rabbit ileum. Gastroenterology. 1987 Aug; 93(2):273-9. Triadafilopoulos G, Pothoulakis C, O'Brien MJ, LaMont JT. PMID: 3596162.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 72     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    256. Clostridium difficile cytotoxin inhibits protein synthesis in fibroblasts and intestinal mucosa. Gastroenterology. 1986 Nov; 91(5):1147-53. Pothoulakis C, Triadafilopoulos G, Clark M, Franzblau C, LaMont JT. PMID: 3758606.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    257. Purification and properties of Clostridium difficile cytotoxin B. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 25; 261(3):1316-21. Pothoulakis C, Barone LM, Ely R, Faris B, Clark ME, Franzblau C, LaMont JT. PMID: 3944088.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 28     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    258. Ultrastructural effects of Clostridium difficile toxin B on smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res. 1983 Oct 15; 148(2):413-22. Wedel N, Toselli P, Pothoulakis C, Faris B, Oliver P, Franzblau C, LaMont T. PMID: 6628564.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 17     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
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